{"id":736,"date":"2019-08-24T02:49:31","date_gmt":"2019-08-24T02:49:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/?p=736"},"modified":"2020-06-15T11:46:10","modified_gmt":"2020-06-15T11:46:10","slug":"using-var-in-javascript","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/using-var-in-javascript\/","title":{"rendered":"Using var in Javascript"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n<p>So a little bit of history 101 when it comes to the <strong>&#8216;var&#8217;<\/strong> keyword in Javascript. Back when Javascript was super weird, I mean Javascript is still weird don&#8217;t get me wrong. For this reason I started liking Javascript &#8211; I used to think it was just to messy of a language to write in. I had some major trust issues with it, my relationship with PHP was far better. Alright enough with relationships, let&#8217;s dive right in.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<!--more-->\r\n\r\n<p>Again, all credit goes to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=7tGmS2SPxBo\" title=\"Tech Sith\">Tech Sith<\/a> for making this all possible<\/a>. I just seem to be on a roll on this Javascript series so why not finish it you know.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<h2>Function Scope<\/h2>\r\n<p>Javascript eats, sleeps and breathes functions &#8211; it&#8217;s all over the place. It&#8217;s important to understand that the &#8216;var&#8217; keyword is so interrelated to functions in javascript. This sets Javascript apart from other languages in how functions are composed and where variable&#8217;s are lexically declared.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>Below is a great example of how Javascript variables are functionally scoped. \r\n\r\n<pre class=\"brush: jscript; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\r\n\r\nvar x = function() {\r\n\r\n\r\n        if (true) {\r\n                \/\/ this should not be available\r\n                \/\/ outside this if block\r\n                var y = 1; \r\n        }\r\n\r\n        console.log(y); \/\/ but it is available!\r\n\r\n}\r\n\r\nx(); \/\/ Output is 1\r\n\r\n<\/pre> \r\n\r\n<h2>Lexical Scoping<\/h2>\r\n<p>This basically means that variables declared outside a function are available inside inside another function. Check out the below example, we moved a few things around a bit.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<pre class=\"brush: jscript; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\r\n\r\nvar x = function() {\r\n        \/\/ this variable is available everywhere \r\n        \/\/ within this function\r\n        var y = 1;\r\n\r\n        var z = function() {\r\n                \/\/ y is available here too!\r\n                console.log(y);\r\n        }\r\n\r\n        z();\r\n\r\n\r\n}\r\n\r\nx(); \/\/ Outputs 1\r\n\r\n<\/pre>\r\n\r\n<h2>Hoisting and Scope &#8211; Interview Question<\/h2>\r\n<p>To end this post, I&#8217;m going provide a tricky scenario that&#8217;s mostly to come up in a Javascript interview. A simple yet fundamental example that can throw any developer off his\/her game.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<pre class=\"brush: jscript; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\r\n\r\n\/\/ \r\nvar y = 2;\r\n  \r\nvar x = function() {\r\n\r\n        \/\/ this will look for y\r\n        \/\/ but the closest variable \r\n        \/\/ is right underneath it\r\n        \/\/ but... it's defined after calling it\r\n        console.log(y);\r\n\r\n        \/\/ this function will ignore\r\n        \/\/ y variable sitting outside \r\n        var y = 1;\r\n\r\n\r\n}\r\n\r\nx(); \/\/ Output is undefined\r\n\r\n<\/pre>\r\n\r\n<p>That was a little tricky. I&#8217;ll admit this got me the first time and hey if you got it wrong too, there&#8217;s nothing to be ashamed of. I expected the output would be &#8220;2&#8221;, but since Javascript operates by going down a &#8220;scope chain&#8221; &#8211; it first tries to call the nearest variable lexically. However in this case, the variable is defined after it&#8217;s called so this would result in undefined.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>In closing, understanding super simple fundamental concepts like this can really improve your program, enforce clean code and eliminate any confusion. Stay tuned for more advanced Javascript topics. I&#8217;m really excited to cover <strong>&#8220;function currying&#8221;<\/strong> in my next post! Keep immersing!<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><\/p>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>So a little bit of history 101 when it comes to the &#8216;var&#8217; keyword in Javascript. Back when Javascript was super weird, I mean Javascript is still weird don&#8217;t get me wrong. For this reason I started liking Javascript &#8211; I used to think it was just to messy of a language to write in. &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/using-var-in-javascript\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Using var in Javascript&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1102,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-736","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Using var in Javascript - Project Immerse<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/using-var-in-javascript\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Using var in Javascript - Project Immerse\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"So a little bit of history 101 when it comes to the &#8216;var&#8217; keyword in Javascript. Back when Javascript was super weird, I mean Javascript is still weird don&#8217;t get me wrong. For this reason I started liking Javascript &#8211; I used to think it was just to messy of a language to write in. &hellip; Continue reading &quot;Using var in Javascript&quot;\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/using-var-in-javascript\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Project Immerse\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-08-24T02:49:31+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-06-15T11:46:10+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/using-var-in-javascript.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"750\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"750\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"projectimmerse\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"projectimmerse\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.projectimmerse.com\\\/blog\\\/using-var-in-javascript\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.projectimmerse.com\\\/blog\\\/using-var-in-javascript\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"projectimmerse\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.projectimmerse.com\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/c53f2864be524ee6fa08a7e4800dd1e5\"},\"headline\":\"Using var in Javascript\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-08-24T02:49:31+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-06-15T11:46:10+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.projectimmerse.com\\\/blog\\\/using-var-in-javascript\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":463,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.projectimmerse.com\\\/blog\\\/using-var-in-javascript\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.projectimmerse.com\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2019\\\/08\\\/using-var-in-javascript.png\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.projectimmerse.com\\\/blog\\\/using-var-in-javascript\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.projectimmerse.com\\\/blog\\\/using-var-in-javascript\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.projectimmerse.com\\\/blog\\\/using-var-in-javascript\\\/\",\"name\":\"Using var in Javascript - Project Immerse\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.projectimmerse.com\\\/blog\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.projectimmerse.com\\\/blog\\\/using-var-in-javascript\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.projectimmerse.com\\\/blog\\\/using-var-in-javascript\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.projectimmerse.com\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2019\\\/08\\\/using-var-in-javascript.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-08-24T02:49:31+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-06-15T11:46:10+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.projectimmerse.com\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/c53f2864be524ee6fa08a7e4800dd1e5\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.projectimmerse.com\\\/blog\\\/using-var-in-javascript\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.projectimmerse.com\\\/blog\\\/using-var-in-javascript\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.projectimmerse.com\\\/blog\\\/using-var-in-javascript\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.projectimmerse.com\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2019\\\/08\\\/using-var-in-javascript.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.projectimmerse.com\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2019\\\/08\\\/using-var-in-javascript.png\",\"width\":750,\"height\":750,\"caption\":\"Using var in javascript\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.projectimmerse.com\\\/blog\\\/using-var-in-javascript\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.projectimmerse.com\\\/blog\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Using var in Javascript\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.projectimmerse.com\\\/blog\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.projectimmerse.com\\\/blog\\\/\",\"name\":\"Project Immerse\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.projectimmerse.com\\\/blog\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.projectimmerse.com\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/c53f2864be524ee6fa08a7e4800dd1e5\",\"name\":\"projectimmerse\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/4d06955033d6227bfdcf30014e457e4334f7deeb73907de49b65ec2484921931?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/4d06955033d6227bfdcf30014e457e4334f7deeb73907de49b65ec2484921931?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/4d06955033d6227bfdcf30014e457e4334f7deeb73907de49b65ec2484921931?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"projectimmerse\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.projectimmerse.com\\\/blog\\\/author\\\/projectimmerse\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Using var in Javascript - Project Immerse","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/using-var-in-javascript\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Using var in Javascript - Project Immerse","og_description":"So a little bit of history 101 when it comes to the &#8216;var&#8217; keyword in Javascript. Back when Javascript was super weird, I mean Javascript is still weird don&#8217;t get me wrong. For this reason I started liking Javascript &#8211; I used to think it was just to messy of a language to write in. &hellip; Continue reading \"Using var in Javascript\"","og_url":"https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/using-var-in-javascript\/","og_site_name":"Project Immerse","article_published_time":"2019-08-24T02:49:31+00:00","article_modified_time":"2020-06-15T11:46:10+00:00","og_image":[{"width":750,"height":750,"url":"https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/using-var-in-javascript.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"projectimmerse","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"projectimmerse","Est. reading time":"2 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/using-var-in-javascript\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/using-var-in-javascript\/"},"author":{"name":"projectimmerse","@id":"https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/c53f2864be524ee6fa08a7e4800dd1e5"},"headline":"Using var in Javascript","datePublished":"2019-08-24T02:49:31+00:00","dateModified":"2020-06-15T11:46:10+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/using-var-in-javascript\/"},"wordCount":463,"commentCount":0,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/using-var-in-javascript\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/using-var-in-javascript.png","inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/using-var-in-javascript\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/using-var-in-javascript\/","url":"https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/using-var-in-javascript\/","name":"Using var in Javascript - Project Immerse","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/using-var-in-javascript\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/using-var-in-javascript\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/using-var-in-javascript.png","datePublished":"2019-08-24T02:49:31+00:00","dateModified":"2020-06-15T11:46:10+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/c53f2864be524ee6fa08a7e4800dd1e5"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/using-var-in-javascript\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/using-var-in-javascript\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/using-var-in-javascript\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/using-var-in-javascript.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/using-var-in-javascript.png","width":750,"height":750,"caption":"Using var in javascript"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/using-var-in-javascript\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Using var in Javascript"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/","name":"Project Immerse","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/c53f2864be524ee6fa08a7e4800dd1e5","name":"projectimmerse","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4d06955033d6227bfdcf30014e457e4334f7deeb73907de49b65ec2484921931?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4d06955033d6227bfdcf30014e457e4334f7deeb73907de49b65ec2484921931?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4d06955033d6227bfdcf30014e457e4334f7deeb73907de49b65ec2484921931?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"projectimmerse"},"url":"https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/author\/projectimmerse\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/736","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=736"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/736\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":744,"href":"https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/736\/revisions\/744"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1102"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=736"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=736"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.projectimmerse.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=736"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}